Forces & Motion

• AddForce: Push objects (like rocket thrust)
• AddTorque: Spin objects (like a turning wheel)
• ForceMode.Force: Continuous push (engine)
• ForceMode.Impulse: Instant force (explosion)

Physics Materials

• Bounciness: How much objects bounce back
• FrictionCombine: How surfaces interact
• Material assignment to colliders
• Custom material properties

Collision Detection

• Raycasts: Shoot invisible lines to detect objects
• OverlapSphere: Find objects in radius
• LayerMasks: Filter what can collide
• Continuous detection for fast objects

Rigidbody States

• Kinematic: Full script control, ignores forces
• Dynamic: Responds to physics forces
• Sleep/WakeUp: Optimize inactive objects
• Interpolation: Smooth movement

Physics Optimization

• Layer collision matrix
• Sleep states for static objects
• Continuous vs Discrete collision
• Physics.autoSimulation control

Common Uses:

• Projectiles: AddForce + Raycast
• Character: Kinematic Rigidbody
• Vehicles: WheelJoint + AddTorque
• Ragdolls: Multiple connected Rigidbodies

Key Point: Physics is expensive. Every rigidbody, every collision check, every force calculation costs CPU time. Use wisely.